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Most cases where the ping is increasing only when talking are related to a connection upstream saturation.
Ventrilo is a program using a connection upstream mostly when transmitting voice discussion to the server. If the connection used is not sufficient, the data will start to be queued which will cause the high delay and ping.
To fix this issue, the server owner must lower the codec quality (How to change the codec of my server). Lower quality mean, less data transmitted and it should improve the situation.
If this soulution is not working or not improoving the problem please review the other support files (Ventrilo Support).